[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"guide-texas-survey-system":3,"related-texas-survey-system":722},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"category":693,"description":694,"extension":695,"icon":696,"meta":697,"navigation":714,"order":715,"path":716,"seo":717,"stem":720,"__hash__":721},"guides\u002Fguides\u002Ftexas-survey-system.md","Texas Survey System (TXSS): How Texas Describes Land Without PLSS",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":674},"minimark",[9,33,36,48,51,56,67,70,92,95,103,107,110,115,125,139,145,149,155,170,175,179,185,199,204,208,211,285,288,292,299,370,382,386,389,458,465,472,476,479,502,509,519,523,526,540,547,551,554,575,582,589,595,599,607,611,617,628,634,652,658],[10,11,12,16,17,20,21,24,25,28,29,32],"p",{},[13,14,15],"strong",{},"Quick Answer:"," The ",[13,18,19],{},"Texas Survey System (TXSS)"," describes land using ",[13,22,23],{},"Abstract numbers",", ",[13,26,27],{},"Block & Section"," references, and ",[13,30,31],{},"Survey-name"," descriptions — not townships, ranges, and sections. Texas is the only US state that never adopted PLSS, because it kept its own General Land Office when it joined the Union in 1845.",[34,35],"hr",{},[10,37,38,39,43,44,47],{},"If you've ever looked up a Texas oil-and-gas lease, ranch deed, or pipeline right-of-way, you've probably noticed the legal description looks nothing like a Wyoming or Oklahoma one. No \"T4N R5E,\" no Section 14, no Mount Diablo Meridian. Instead you get something like ",[40,41,42],"code",{},"A-123 Reeves County, TX"," or ",[40,45,46],{},"Block 5, Sec 14, T&P Survey",".",[10,49,50],{},"This guide explains why Texas does it differently — and how to read, write, and convert TXSS descriptions.",[52,53,55],"h2",{"id":54},"why-texas-is-the-one-exception","Why Texas Is the One Exception",[10,57,58,59,66],{},"Every other US state west of the Appalachians uses the ",[13,60,61],{},[62,63,65],"a",{"href":64},"\u002Fguides\u002Ftownship-range-system","Public Land Survey System (PLSS)"," — the rectangular grid of 6×6 mile townships established by the Land Ordinance of 1785. Texas does not.",[10,68,69],{},"The reason is historical:",[71,72,73,80,86],"ul",{},[74,75,76,79],"li",{},[13,77,78],{},"1836–1845"," — The Republic of Texas was an independent country. It surveyed and granted its own public land through its own General Land Office (GLO).",[74,81,82,85],{},[13,83,84],{},"December 29, 1845"," — Texas joined the Union, but under unique terms: it kept ownership of its remaining public land instead of ceding it to the federal government.",[74,87,88,91],{},[13,89,90],{},"Result"," — When the rest of the United States was surveyed into PLSS townships, Texas continued issuing land grants through its own GLO using the surveys it had already done.",[10,93,94],{},"Modern Texas land descriptions still trace back to those original surveys — many of them railroad land grants from the 1850s–1880s, others Spanish or Mexican leagues and labors from before independence.",[96,97,100],"callout",{"title":98,"type":99},"Trivia","tip",[10,101,102],{},"Texas is the only US state that entered the Union as a sovereign country, and the only one that kept its public land. Every PLSS state ceded its public land to the federal government as a condition of statehood.",[52,104,106],{"id":105},"the-three-shapes-of-a-txss-description","The Three Shapes of a TXSS Description",[10,108,109],{},"A Texas legal description shows up in one of three shapes depending on the region:",[111,112,114],"h3",{"id":113},"_1-abstract-only","1. Abstract-only",[116,117,122],"pre",{"className":118,"code":120,"language":121},[119],"language-text","A-123 Reeves County, TX\nAbstract 250, Bowie County\n","text",[40,123,120],{"__ignoreMap":124},"",[10,126,127,128,131,132,135,136,138],{},"The ",[13,129,130],{},"abstract number"," is a unique ID the Texas GLO assigned to each original land grant within a county. Counties number their abstracts independently — ",[40,133,134],{},"A-123"," in Reeves County is a different parcel than ",[40,137,134],{}," in Bowie County.",[10,140,141,144],{},[13,142,143],{},"Used most often in:"," East Texas (Piney Woods), the Coastal Bend, and counties where original surveys were small and irregular.",[111,146,148],{"id":147},"_2-block-section","2. Block & Section",[116,150,153],{"className":151,"code":152,"language":121},[119],"Block 5, Sec 14, T&P Survey, Reeves County\nBlk 13 Sec 9 H&TC Survey, Loving County\n",[40,154,152],{"__ignoreMap":124},[10,156,157,158,161,162,165,166,169],{},"In ",[13,159,160],{},"West Texas"," — the Permian Basin, the Trans-Pecos, and the Panhandle — railroads received massive land grants in the late 1800s and surveyed them into ",[13,163,164],{},"blocks"," containing numbered ",[13,167,168],{},"sections",". The block-and-section grid resembles PLSS visually, but each block belongs to a specific railroad survey (T&P, H&TC, GC&SF, etc.) rather than a principal meridian.",[10,171,172,174],{},[13,173,143],{}," Permian Basin oil and gas country, plus North Texas and the Panhandle.",[111,176,178],{"id":177},"_3-survey-name","3. Survey-name",[116,180,183],{"className":181,"code":182,"language":121},[119],"John Smith Survey, Bexar County\nW. H. Jenkins Survey, Karnes County\n",[40,184,182],{"__ignoreMap":124},[10,186,157,187,190,191,194,195,198],{},[13,188,189],{},"South Texas"," — including the Rio Grande Valley and the original Spanish\u002FMexican land grants — many descriptions reference the survey by the name of the person it was originally granted to. These are often ",[13,192,193],{},"leagues"," (~4,428.4 acres) or ",[13,196,197],{},"labors"," (~177.1 acres) — units inherited from the Spanish colonial era.",[10,200,201,203],{},[13,202,143],{}," South Texas, the Rio Grande Valley, and counties along the historic Camino Real.",[52,205,207],{"id":206},"the-four-rrc-regions","The Four RRC Regions",[10,209,210],{},"Texas is divided into four regions by the Railroad Commission of Texas (RRC), and each tends to favor a different TXSS convention:",[212,213,214,230],"table",{},[215,216,217],"thead",{},[218,219,220,224,227],"tr",{},[221,222,223],"th",{},"Region",[221,225,226],{},"Common Convention",[221,228,229],{},"Example Description",[231,232,233,246,259,272],"tbody",{},[218,234,235,239,241],{},[236,237,238],"td",{},"West (Permian, Trans-Pecos)",[236,240,27],{},[236,242,243],{},[40,244,245],{},"Block 5, T&P RR Co. Survey, Sec 14, Reeves County",[218,247,248,251,254],{},[236,249,250],{},"North (Panhandle, Red River)",[236,252,253],{},"Mixed Block \u002F Abstract",[236,255,256],{},[40,257,258],{},"A-101 Dallam County, TX",[218,260,261,264,267],{},[236,262,263],{},"South (Coastal Bend, RGV)",[236,265,266],{},"Survey-name (leagues \u002F labors)",[236,268,269],{},[40,270,271],{},"John Smith Survey, Bexar County",[218,273,274,277,280],{},[236,275,276],{},"East (Piney Woods)",[236,278,279],{},"Abstract-only",[236,281,282],{},[40,283,284],{},"Abstract 250, Bowie County, TX",[10,286,287],{},"You won't always see the same convention everywhere within a region — but knowing which is common helps when you're trying to parse an unfamiliar description.",[52,289,291],{"id":290},"common-railroad-surveys","Common Railroad Surveys",[10,293,294,295,298],{},"In Block & Section country, the ",[13,296,297],{},"survey name"," is usually a railroad. The biggest grants went to:",[212,300,301,314],{},[215,302,303],{},[218,304,305,308,311],{},[221,306,307],{},"Abbreviation",[221,309,310],{},"Full Name",[221,312,313],{},"Where",[231,315,316,327,338,348,359],{},[218,317,318,321,324],{},[236,319,320],{},"T&P",[236,322,323],{},"Texas and Pacific Railway Company Survey",[236,325,326],{},"West \u002F North Texas",[218,328,329,332,335],{},[236,330,331],{},"H&TC",[236,333,334],{},"Houston and Texas Central Railway Company Survey",[236,336,337],{},"Central \u002F East Texas",[218,339,340,343,346],{},[236,341,342],{},"GC&SF",[236,344,345],{},"Gulf, Colorado and Santa Fe Railway Company Survey",[236,347,160],{},[218,349,350,353,356],{},[236,351,352],{},"BS&F",[236,354,355],{},"Buffalo Bayou, Brazos and Colorado Railway Company Survey",[236,357,358],{},"Central Texas",[218,360,361,364,367],{},[236,362,363],{},"GH&SA",[236,365,366],{},"Galveston, Harrisburg and San Antonio Railway Co. Survey",[236,368,369],{},"South \u002F West Texas",[96,371,373],{"title":372,"type":99},"Abbreviation normalization",[10,374,375,376,378,379,381],{},"Township America's parser normalizes railroad-survey abbreviations to canonical names automatically. ",[40,377,320],{}," and ",[40,380,323],{}," resolve to the same polygon.",[52,383,385],{"id":384},"how-txss-differs-from-plss","How TXSS Differs from PLSS",[10,387,388],{},"For PLSS users coming over to Texas, the conceptual map looks like this:",[212,390,391,401],{},[215,392,393],{},[218,394,395,398],{},[221,396,397],{},"PLSS Concept",[221,399,400],{},"TXSS Equivalent",[231,402,403,411,419,434,442,450],{},[218,404,405,408],{},[236,406,407],{},"Principal Meridian",[236,409,410],{},"(none) — Texas doesn't use meridians",[218,412,413,416],{},[236,414,415],{},"Township (6×6 miles)",[236,417,418],{},"(none) — Texas doesn't use townships",[218,420,421,424],{},[236,422,423],{},"Section (1 sq mi)",[236,425,426,427,430,431,433],{},"Block + Section number, ",[13,428,429],{},"or"," Abstract, ",[13,432,429],{}," Survey name",[218,435,436,439],{},[236,437,438],{},"Quarter Section",[236,440,441],{},"(not standard) — Texas parcels are often irregular",[218,443,444,447],{},[236,445,446],{},"County",[236,448,449],{},"County (Texas has 254 counties — more than any other state)",[218,451,452,455],{},[236,453,454],{},"Acreage",[236,456,457],{},"Varies — TXSS parcels are not standardized",[10,459,460,461,464],{},"A PLSS section is always 640 acres (give or take correction). A Texas abstract or survey can be ",[13,462,463],{},"anywhere from a few acres to tens of thousands",", depending on the original grant.",[10,466,467,468,47],{},"For a deeper reference on each shape, see ",[62,469,471],{"href":470},"\u002Fguides\u002Ftexas-abstracts-blocks-surveys","Texas Abstracts, Blocks, and Surveys",[52,473,475],{"id":474},"all-254-counties-are-covered","All 254 Counties Are Covered",[10,477,478],{},"Texas has more counties than any other US state — 254 — and Township America's TXSS resolver covers all of them:",[71,480,481,487,492,497],{},[74,482,483,486],{},[13,484,485],{},"East Texas"," (Bowie, Cass, Harrison, etc.) — predominantly Abstract-only",[74,488,489,491],{},[13,490,358],{}," (Travis, Bexar, McLennan, etc.) — mixed conventions",[74,493,494,496],{},[13,495,160],{}," (Reeves, Loving, Pecos, etc.) — Block & Section",[74,498,499,501],{},[13,500,189],{}," (Cameron, Hidalgo, Kleberg, etc.) — Survey-name",[10,503,504,505,508],{},"Each county has its own converter hub under ",[40,506,507],{},"\u002Ftexas\u002Fcounties\u002F{county-slug}"," — useful for landmen, title agents, and surveyors who work a specific county regularly.",[96,510,512],{"title":511,"type":99},"Sample county page",[10,513,514,515,518],{},"See an example at ",[62,516,517],{"href":517},"\u002Ftexas\u002Fcounties\u002Freeves"," — every county has its own.",[52,520,522],{"id":521},"spanish-and-mexican-leagues-and-labors","Spanish and Mexican Leagues and Labors",[10,524,525],{},"In South Texas, many surveys predate Texas independence and use units from Spanish colonial measurement:",[71,527,528,534],{},[74,529,530,533],{},[13,531,532],{},"League (Legua)"," — ~4,428.4 acres (the standard cattle-ranching grant unit)",[74,535,536,539],{},[13,537,538],{},"Labor"," — ~177.1 acres (the standard farming grant unit, 1\u002F25 of a league)",[10,541,542,543,546],{},"These show up most often as ",[40,544,545],{},"[Surname] Survey, [County]"," descriptions. The polygon is named after the original grantee, not surveyed into smaller geometric blocks.",[52,548,550],{"id":549},"converting-a-txss-description-to-gps-coordinates","Converting a TXSS Description to GPS Coordinates",[10,552,553],{},"Township America's converter accepts every TXSS shape transparently — no Texas mode, no separate input:",[555,556,557,566,572],"ol",{},[74,558,559,560],{},"Go to ",[62,561,565],{"href":562,"rel":563},"https:\u002F\u002Fapp.townshipamerica.com",[564],"nofollow","app.townshipamerica.com",[74,567,568,569,571],{},"Paste any TXSS description (e.g., ",[40,570,42],{},")",[74,573,574],{},"Get the centroid, polygon, and acreage instantly",[10,576,577,578,47],{},"For a detailed walkthrough, see ",[62,579,581],{"href":580},"\u002Fguides\u002Fconvert-texas-abstract-to-coordinates","Convert Texas Abstract to GPS Coordinates",[10,583,584,585,47],{},"For programmatic access via the REST API, see ",[62,586,588],{"href":587},"\u002Fapi","Township America API",[10,590,591],{},[62,592,594],{"href":562,"rel":593},[564],"Open the Texas converter →",[111,596,598],{"id":597},"for-teams-batch-jobs-and-api-access","For teams, batch jobs, and API access",[10,600,601,602,606],{},"If you're converting hundreds of Texas descriptions a month, sharing projects with a team, or pulling abstract and survey data into ArcGIS, Excel, or your own application, see ",[62,603,605],{"href":604},"\u002Fpricing","Township America pricing",". Plans start at $10\u002Fmo. Pro+ ($100\u002Fmo) adds polygon export (Shapefile, GeoJSON, KML), MCP server, and batch up to 10K rows. Standalone REST API subscriptions are sold separately. Business ($40\u002Fuser\u002Fmo) adds team workspaces, RBAC, and SSO.",[52,608,610],{"id":609},"frequently-asked-questions","Frequently Asked Questions",[10,612,613,616],{},[13,614,615],{},"Why doesn't Texas use the township and range system?","\nWhen Texas joined the Union in 1845, it kept ownership of its public land and continued issuing grants through its own General Land Office. PLSS was never extended into Texas.",[10,618,619,622,623,627],{},[13,620,621],{},"What's the difference between an abstract and a survey?","\nAn abstract is a unique GLO-assigned identifier for a parcel (one number per parcel per county). A survey is the ",[624,625,626],"em",{},"originally granted"," tract — often a railroad grant or Spanish\u002FMexican land grant — which may contain multiple abstracts.",[10,629,630,633],{},[13,631,632],{},"Can a single county use multiple TXSS conventions?","\nYes. Reeves County, for example, uses both Block & Section (for the T&P railroad lands) and Abstract-only (for smaller grants). Township America's parser handles all of them in the same county.",[10,635,636,639,640,24,642,24,645,24,648,651],{},[13,637,638],{},"Are TXSS descriptions case-sensitive?","\nNo. The parser accepts ",[40,641,320],{},[40,643,644],{},"t&p",[40,646,647],{},"T & P",[40,649,650],{},"Texas and Pacific",", and many variants — all normalize to the canonical survey name.",[10,653,654,657],{},[13,655,656],{},"Does Texas Survey land have a polygon I can download?","\nYes — Pro+ subscribers can export the polygon as Shapefile, GeoJSON, or KMZ for any TXSS description, same as a PLSS section.",[10,659,660,663,664,667,668,670,671,673],{},[13,661,662],{},"How do I look up a Texas abstract programmatically?","\nUse the REST API with ",[40,665,666],{},"POST \u002Fapi\u002Fconvert"," and a TXSS description like ",[40,669,42],{},". See ",[62,672,588],{"href":587}," for endpoint reference and authentication.",{"title":124,"searchDepth":675,"depth":675,"links":676},2,[677,678,684,685,686,687,688,689,692],{"id":54,"depth":675,"text":55},{"id":105,"depth":675,"text":106,"children":679},[680,682,683],{"id":113,"depth":681,"text":114},3,{"id":147,"depth":681,"text":148},{"id":177,"depth":681,"text":178},{"id":206,"depth":675,"text":207},{"id":290,"depth":675,"text":291},{"id":384,"depth":675,"text":385},{"id":474,"depth":675,"text":475},{"id":521,"depth":675,"text":522},{"id":549,"depth":675,"text":550,"children":690},[691],{"id":597,"depth":681,"text":598},{"id":609,"depth":675,"text":610},"learning","Texas is the only US state that never adopted PLSS. Learn how the Texas Survey System (TXSS) describes land using Abstract numbers, Block & Section, and Survey-name conventions across all 254 counties.","md","i-lucide-hash",{"faqs":698},[699,702,705,708,711],{"question":700,"answer":701},"Why doesn't Texas use the township and range system (PLSS)?","When Texas joined the Union in 1845, it kept the public land it had already surveyed under the Republic of Texas and continued issuing land grants through its own General Land Office. The federal PLSS was never extended into Texas — every other US state west of the Appalachians uses PLSS except Texas.",{"question":703,"answer":704},"What is a Texas abstract number?","An abstract number is a unique identifier the Texas General Land Office assigns to each original land grant within a county. An abstract like \"A-123 Reeves County\" pinpoints a specific parcel granted by the Republic of Texas, the State of Texas, or (in some cases) Spanish\u002FMexican authorities.",{"question":706,"answer":707},"What are Texas Block & Section descriptions?","In West Texas — primarily the Permian Basin and Trans-Pecos — railroads received large land grants and surveyed them into blocks containing numbered sections. A description like \"Block 5, Sec 14, T&P Survey, Reeves County\" identifies Section 14 of Block 5 within the Texas and Pacific Railway Company Survey grid.",{"question":709,"answer":710},"How many Texas counties are there?","254. Township America's TXSS resolver covers all 254 Texas counties — more counties than any other US state.",{"question":712,"answer":713},"Can I convert Texas legal descriptions to GPS coordinates?","Yes. Township America's converter accepts Abstract-only, Block & Section, and Survey-name descriptions and returns latitude, longitude, polygon boundaries, and acreage — same as for PLSS descriptions.",true,5,"\u002Fguides\u002Ftexas-survey-system",{"title":5,"description":718,"keywords":719},"Texas uses its own land system — TXSS — not the federal PLSS. Learn how Abstract numbers, Block & Section, and Survey-name descriptions work across the 254 Texas counties.","texas survey system, TXSS, texas abstract, block and section, texas land description, original texas land survey, OTLS","guides\u002Ftexas-survey-system","57alF8xCDopSVWaRo8lM1kU8CkQwbfSarfQCnGbL_3o",[723,1341,1917],{"id":724,"title":725,"body":726,"category":693,"description":1334,"extension":695,"icon":1335,"meta":1336,"navigation":714,"order":675,"path":1337,"seo":1338,"stem":1339,"__hash__":1340},"guides\u002Fguides\u002Fconvert-section-township-range-to-coordinates.md","Convert Section Township Range to Lat\u002FLong | Free Tool & Guide",{"type":7,"value":727,"toc":1306},[728,733,735,738,742,745,761,767,771,774,803,807,813,817,823,827,833,837,843,847,853,857,860,864,867,887,891,894,905,909,912,923,927,930,936,940,943,948,951,956,960,964,973,976,990,996,1000,1007,1009,1020,1024,1031,1033,1044,1048,1056,1067,1070,1081,1085,1092,1095,1109,1113,1120,1171,1174,1188,1192,1218,1222,1225,1231,1234,1236,1249,1260,1277,1283,1292,1302],[10,729,730,732],{},[13,731,15],{}," Enter your legal description (e.g., \"4 2N 18E Indian Meridian\") into Township America and instantly get GPS coordinates. Free to use, no account required.",[34,734],{},[10,736,737],{},"Converting section, township, and range (STR) to latitude and longitude coordinates is a common need for landowners, real estate professionals, oil and gas workers, and GIS analysts. This guide shows you how to do it quickly using Township America's free converter.",[52,739,741],{"id":740},"quick-conversion-use-our-free-tool","Quick Conversion: Use Our Free Tool",[10,743,744],{},"The fastest way to convert any PLSS location to GPS coordinates is with Township America:",[555,746,747,752,755,758],{},[74,748,559,749],{},[62,750,565],{"href":562,"rel":751},[564],[74,753,754],{},"Enter your legal description (e.g., \"4 2N 18E Indian Meridian\")",[74,756,757],{},"Press Enter or select from the suggestions",[74,759,760],{},"View the coordinates in the results panel",[10,762,763,766],{},[13,764,765],{},"That's it!"," The tool displays the latitude and longitude, shows the location on a map, and lets you export the data.",[52,768,770],{"id":769},"understanding-the-input-format","Understanding the Input Format",[10,772,773],{},"Township America uses a simplified format. Here are the supported formats:",[96,775,778],{"title":776,"type":777},"Important: Simplified Format","warning",[10,779,780,781,378,784,787,788,791,792,795,796,791,799,802],{},"Drop the ",[13,782,783],{},"T",[13,785,786],{},"R"," prefixes (use ",[40,789,790],{},"2N 18E"," not ",[40,793,794],{},"T2N R18E",") and don't include fractions like 1\u002F4 (use ",[40,797,798],{},"NE",[40,800,801],{},"NE 1\u002F4",").",[111,804,806],{"id":805},"format-1-section-township-range-meridian","Format 1: Section Township Range Meridian",[116,808,811],{"className":809,"code":810,"language":121},[119],"4 2N 18E Indian Meridian\n",[40,812,810],{"__ignoreMap":124},[111,814,816],{"id":815},"format-2-section-township-range-county-state","Format 2: Section Township Range County State",[116,818,821],{"className":819,"code":820,"language":121},[119],"4 2N 18E Pushmataha County Oklahoma\n4 2N 18E Pushmataha County OK\n",[40,822,820],{"__ignoreMap":124},[111,824,826],{"id":825},"format-3-with-quarter-sections","Format 3: With Quarter Sections",[116,828,831],{"className":829,"code":830,"language":121},[119],"NENE 25 5N 30E Mount Diablo Meridian\nNESW 25 5N 30E Mineral County Nevada\n",[40,832,830],{"__ignoreMap":124},[111,834,836],{"id":835},"format-4-township-range-only-no-section","Format 4: Township Range Only (no section)",[116,838,841],{"className":839,"code":840,"language":121},[119],"6S 19W 5th Meridian\n6S 19W Clark County Arkansas\n",[40,842,840],{"__ignoreMap":124},[111,844,846],{"id":845},"format-5-lots-and-surveys","Format 5: Lots and Surveys",[116,848,851],{"className":849,"code":850,"language":121},[119],"L 12 25 5N 30E Mount Diablo Meridian\nMB 24 5N 30E Indian Meridian\n",[40,852,850],{"__ignoreMap":124},[52,854,856],{"id":855},"step-by-step-manual-conversion-process","Step-by-Step Manual Conversion Process",[10,858,859],{},"If you need to understand how the conversion works:",[111,861,863],{"id":862},"step-1-identify-the-principal-meridian","Step 1: Identify the Principal Meridian",[10,865,866],{},"Your legal description references one of 37 principal meridians. Each meridian has specific coordinates. For example:",[71,868,869,875,881],{},[74,870,871,874],{},[13,872,873],{},"5th Principal Meridian",": 91°3'9\"W longitude",[74,876,877,880],{},[13,878,879],{},"6th Principal Meridian",": 97°22'8\"W longitude",[74,882,883,886],{},[13,884,885],{},"Indian Meridian",": 97°14'30\"W longitude",[111,888,890],{"id":889},"step-2-calculate-township-position","Step 2: Calculate Township Position",[10,892,893],{},"Townships are 6 miles apart:",[71,895,896,899,902],{},[74,897,898],{},"Start at the baseline for that meridian",[74,900,901],{},"Move north or south by the township number × 6 miles",[74,903,904],{},"T2N means 12 miles (2 × 6) north of the baseline",[111,906,908],{"id":907},"step-3-calculate-range-position","Step 3: Calculate Range Position",[10,910,911],{},"Ranges are also 6 miles apart:",[71,913,914,917,920],{},[74,915,916],{},"Start at the principal meridian",[74,918,919],{},"Move east or west by the range number × 6 miles",[74,921,922],{},"R18E means 108 miles (18 × 6) east of the meridian",[111,924,926],{"id":925},"step-4-find-the-section","Step 4: Find the Section",[10,928,929],{},"Sections are numbered 1-36 within each township in a serpentine pattern. Each section is 1 mile × 1 mile.",[931,932],"plss-grid",{"caption":933,"title":934,"type":935},"Section 16 (highlighted) was historically reserved for schools","Sections in a Township","township",[111,937,939],{"id":938},"step-5-apply-subdivisions","Step 5: Apply Subdivisions",[10,941,942],{},"If the description includes quarter sections, identify which quarter of the section:",[931,944],{"caption":945,"title":946,"type":947},"NE = upper right, NW = upper left, SE = lower right, SW = lower left","Quarter Sections (160 acres each)","quarter",[10,949,950],{},"For quarter-quarter sections (40 acres), find the quarter within the quarter:",[931,952],{"caption":953,"title":954,"type":955},"Example: NESW = Northeast quarter of the Southwest quarter","Quarter-Quarter Sections (40 acres each)","quarter-quarter",[52,957,959],{"id":958},"common-conversion-examples","Common Conversion Examples",[111,961,963],{"id":962},"example-1-oil-well-location","Example 1: Oil Well Location",[10,965,966,969,970],{},[13,967,968],{},"Input:"," ",[40,971,972],{},"NWSE 14 3N 5W 5th Meridian",[10,974,975],{},"This describes:",[71,977,978,981,984,987],{},[74,979,980],{},"The Northwest quarter of the Southeast quarter",[74,982,983],{},"Of Section 14",[74,985,986],{},"In Township 3 North, Range 5 West",[74,988,989],{},"Referenced to the 5th Principal Meridian",[10,991,992,995],{},[13,993,994],{},"Result:"," A 40-acre parcel with coordinates approximately in central Arkansas or Missouri.",[111,997,999],{"id":998},"example-2-farm-field","Example 2: Farm Field",[10,1001,1002,969,1004],{},[13,1003,968],{},[40,1005,1006],{},"22 4S 2E Willamette Meridian",[10,1008,975],{},[71,1010,1011,1014,1017],{},[74,1012,1013],{},"All of Section 22 (640 acres)",[74,1015,1016],{},"Township 4 South, Range 2 East",[74,1018,1019],{},"Referenced to the Willamette Meridian (Oregon)",[111,1021,1023],{"id":1022},"example-3-rural-property","Example 3: Rural Property",[10,1025,1026,969,1028],{},[13,1027,968],{},[40,1029,1030],{},"NENE 7 12N 4W Indian Meridian",[10,1032,975],{},[71,1034,1035,1038,1041],{},[74,1036,1037],{},"The Northeast quarter of the Northeast quarter of Section 7",[74,1039,1040],{},"Township 12 North, Range 4 West",[74,1042,1043],{},"Referenced to the Indian Meridian (Oklahoma)",[52,1045,1047],{"id":1046},"converting-multiple-locations-batch","Converting Multiple Locations (Batch)",[10,1049,1050,1051,1055],{},"Need to convert many locations at once? Township America offers ",[62,1052,1054],{"href":1053},"\u002Fguides\u002Fbatch-conversion","batch conversion",":",[555,1057,1058,1061,1064],{},[74,1059,1060],{},"Prepare a list of legal descriptions (one per line or in a spreadsheet)",[74,1062,1063],{},"Upload to the batch converter",[74,1065,1066],{},"Download results with coordinates in CSV, KML, Shapefile, or GeoJSON format",[10,1068,1069],{},"This is ideal for:",[71,1071,1072,1075,1078],{},[74,1073,1074],{},"Converting entire lease databases",[74,1076,1077],{},"Mapping all sections in a county",[74,1079,1080],{},"GIS projects requiring bulk data",[52,1082,1084],{"id":1083},"reverse-conversion-latlong-to-legal-description","Reverse Conversion: Lat\u002FLong to Legal Description",[10,1086,1087,1088,47],{},"For a detailed walkthrough of the reverse process, see the ",[62,1089,1091],{"href":1090},"\u002Fblog\u002Fgps-to-legal-description-reverse-plss-lookup","complete guide to GPS to legal description conversion",[10,1093,1094],{},"Township America also converts GPS coordinates to legal descriptions:",[555,1096,1097,1103,1106],{},[74,1098,1099,1100],{},"Enter coordinates like ",[40,1101,1102],{},"35.4676, -97.5164",[74,1104,1105],{},"The tool returns the section, township, range, and meridian",[74,1107,1108],{},"View on map and export as needed",[52,1110,1112],{"id":1111},"api-access-for-developers","API Access for Developers",[10,1114,1115,1116,1055],{},"Building an application that needs PLSS conversion? Use our ",[62,1117,1119],{"href":1118},"\u002Fdevelopers","Legal Land Description API",[116,1121,1125],{"className":1122,"code":1123,"language":1124,"meta":124,"style":124},"language-bash shiki shiki-themes material-theme-lighter github-light github-dark","# Example API request\ncurl \"https:\u002F\u002Fdeveloper.townshipamerica.com\u002Fsearch\u002Flegal-location?location=4+2N+18E+Indian+Meridian\" \\\n  -H \"X-API-Key: YOUR_API_KEY\"\n","bash",[40,1126,1127,1136,1157],{"__ignoreMap":124},[1128,1129,1132],"span",{"class":1130,"line":1131},"line",1,[1128,1133,1135],{"class":1134},"sutJx","# Example API request\n",[1128,1137,1138,1142,1146,1150,1153],{"class":1130,"line":675},[1128,1139,1141],{"class":1140},"sbgvK","curl",[1128,1143,1145],{"class":1144},"sjJ54"," \"",[1128,1147,1149],{"class":1148},"s_sjI","https:\u002F\u002Fdeveloper.townshipamerica.com\u002Fsearch\u002Flegal-location?location=4+2N+18E+Indian+Meridian",[1128,1151,1152],{"class":1144},"\"",[1128,1154,1156],{"class":1155},"s_hVV"," \\\n",[1128,1158,1159,1163,1165,1168],{"class":1130,"line":681},[1128,1160,1162],{"class":1161},"stzsN","  -H",[1128,1164,1145],{"class":1144},[1128,1166,1167],{"class":1148},"X-API-Key: YOUR_API_KEY",[1128,1169,1170],{"class":1144},"\"\n",[10,1172,1173],{},"The API returns a GeoJSON FeatureCollection with:",[71,1175,1176,1179,1182,1185],{},[74,1177,1178],{},"Latitude and longitude coordinates (centroid)",[74,1180,1181],{},"Full legal description components",[74,1183,1184],{},"GeoJSON boundary polygon",[74,1186,1187],{},"Section, township, range, and meridian details",[52,1189,1191],{"id":1190},"tips-for-accurate-conversions","Tips for Accurate Conversions",[555,1193,1194,1200,1206,1212],{},[74,1195,1196,1199],{},[13,1197,1198],{},"Include the meridian or state"," - Without location context, \"T2N R18E\" could be in multiple states",[74,1201,1202,1205],{},[13,1203,1204],{},"Check quarter section notation"," - NE, NW, SE, SW should come before the section number",[74,1207,1208,1211],{},[13,1209,1210],{},"Verify results on the map"," - Township America shows the exact parcel location",[74,1213,1214,1217],{},[13,1215,1216],{},"Use county\u002Fstate as alternatives"," - If you don't know the meridian, use \"County, State\" instead",[52,1219,1221],{"id":1220},"start-converting-now","Start Converting Now",[10,1223,1224],{},"Ready to convert your legal land descriptions?",[10,1226,1227],{},[62,1228,1230],{"href":562,"rel":1229},[564],"Open Township America →",[10,1232,1233],{},"Free to use, no account required for basic searches.",[52,1235,610],{"id":609},[10,1237,1238,1241,1242,1245,1246,47],{},[13,1239,1240],{},"What's the most common input format?","\n\"Section Township Range Meridian\" like ",[40,1243,1244],{},"4 2N 18E Indian Meridian"," or with County\u002FState like ",[40,1247,1248],{},"4 2N 18E Pushmataha County OK",[10,1250,1251,1254,1255,1257,1258,47],{},[13,1252,1253],{},"Do I need to include \"T\" and \"R\" prefixes?","\nNo! Use simplified format: ",[40,1256,790],{}," instead of ",[40,1259,794],{},[10,1261,1262,1265,1266,1257,1268,1270,1271,1257,1274,47],{},[13,1263,1264],{},"Do I need to include fractions like 1\u002F4?","\nNo! Use letter codes only: ",[40,1267,798],{},[40,1269,801],{},", and ",[40,1272,1273],{},"NESW",[40,1275,1276],{},"NE1\u002F4 SW1\u002F4",[10,1278,1279,1282],{},[13,1280,1281],{},"How accurate are the coordinates?","\nTownship America uses official BLM survey data. Coordinates represent the centroid of the specified parcel.",[10,1284,1285,1288,1289,1291],{},[13,1286,1287],{},"Can I convert coordinates TO a legal description?","\nYes! Enter coordinates like ",[40,1290,1102],{}," to get the section, township, range, and meridian.",[10,1293,1294,1297,1298,1301],{},[13,1295,1296],{},"What if my legal description doesn't include a meridian?","\nUse County and State instead: ",[40,1299,1300],{},"4 2N 18E Logan County Oklahoma"," works the same way.",[1303,1304,1305],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .sutJx, html code.shiki .sutJx{--shiki-light:#90A4AE;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-default:#6A737D;--shiki-default-font-style:inherit;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;--shiki-dark-font-style:inherit}html pre.shiki code .sbgvK, html code.shiki .sbgvK{--shiki-light:#E2931D;--shiki-default:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0}html pre.shiki code .sjJ54, html code.shiki .sjJ54{--shiki-light:#39ADB5;--shiki-default:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF}html pre.shiki code .s_sjI, html code.shiki .s_sjI{--shiki-light:#91B859;--shiki-default:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF}html pre.shiki code .s_hVV, html code.shiki .s_hVV{--shiki-light:#90A4AE;--shiki-default:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF}html pre.shiki code .stzsN, html code.shiki .stzsN{--shiki-light:#91B859;--shiki-default:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF}html .light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html.light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}",{"title":124,"searchDepth":675,"depth":675,"links":1307},[1308,1309,1316,1323,1328,1329,1330,1331,1332,1333],{"id":740,"depth":675,"text":741},{"id":769,"depth":675,"text":770,"children":1310},[1311,1312,1313,1314,1315],{"id":805,"depth":681,"text":806},{"id":815,"depth":681,"text":816},{"id":825,"depth":681,"text":826},{"id":835,"depth":681,"text":836},{"id":845,"depth":681,"text":846},{"id":855,"depth":675,"text":856,"children":1317},[1318,1319,1320,1321,1322],{"id":862,"depth":681,"text":863},{"id":889,"depth":681,"text":890},{"id":907,"depth":681,"text":908},{"id":925,"depth":681,"text":926},{"id":938,"depth":681,"text":939},{"id":958,"depth":675,"text":959,"children":1324},[1325,1326,1327],{"id":962,"depth":681,"text":963},{"id":998,"depth":681,"text":999},{"id":1022,"depth":681,"text":1023},{"id":1046,"depth":675,"text":1047},{"id":1083,"depth":675,"text":1084},{"id":1111,"depth":675,"text":1112},{"id":1190,"depth":675,"text":1191},{"id":1220,"depth":675,"text":1221},{"id":609,"depth":675,"text":610},"Convert any section, township, and range to latitude and longitude coordinates. Step-by-step instructions plus a free online conversion tool.","i-lucide-map-pin",{},"\u002Fguides\u002Fconvert-section-township-range-to-coordinates",{"title":725,"description":1334},"guides\u002Fconvert-section-township-range-to-coordinates","40ekt50maL0l9q7gxScnzhFCXSWyGOupvbReNzezh-k",{"id":1342,"title":1343,"body":1344,"category":693,"description":1894,"extension":695,"icon":1335,"meta":1895,"navigation":714,"order":1911,"path":580,"seo":1912,"stem":1915,"__hash__":1916},"guides\u002Fguides\u002Fconvert-texas-abstract-to-coordinates.md","Convert Texas Abstract to GPS Coordinates | TXSS Conversion Guide",{"type":7,"value":1345,"toc":1866},[1346,1354,1356,1359,1363,1379,1382,1386,1389,1393,1396,1402,1422,1426,1429,1435,1441,1445,1448,1454,1456,1460,1467,1472,1476,1483,1488,1492,1498,1503,1507,1510,1516,1519,1523,1526,1530,1533,1544,1548,1557,1561,1564,1600,1604,1610,1631,1645,1649,1652,1658,1661,1663,1669,1722,1728,1730,1783,1785,1788,1793,1796,1800,1806,1810,1829,1831,1839,1845,1851,1857,1863],[10,1347,1348,1350,1351,1353],{},[13,1349,15],{}," Paste a Texas legal description (e.g., ",[40,1352,42],{},") into Township America and get latitude, longitude, polygon boundaries, and acreage in one click. Free to use, no Texas mode toggle, no separate workflow.",[34,1355],{},[10,1357,1358],{},"Texas legal descriptions don't look like PLSS descriptions, but converting them is just as fast. This guide walks through every TXSS shape Township America accepts, plus batch and API workflows.",[52,1360,1362],{"id":1361},"quick-conversion-use-the-free-tool","Quick Conversion: Use the Free Tool",[555,1364,1365,1370,1373,1376],{},[74,1366,559,1367],{},[62,1368,565],{"href":562,"rel":1369},[564],[74,1371,1372],{},"Paste your Texas legal description in the search box",[74,1374,1375],{},"Press Enter or click a suggestion",[74,1377,1378],{},"View the centroid, map, polygon, and acreage in the results panel",[10,1380,1381],{},"The converter detects TXSS vs PLSS automatically — no mode switch needed.",[52,1383,1385],{"id":1384},"supported-input-formats","Supported Input Formats",[10,1387,1388],{},"Township America's parser is tolerant of abbreviation, case, and punctuation. The three primary shapes:",[111,1390,1392],{"id":1391},"format-1-abstract-only","Format 1: Abstract-Only",[10,1394,1395],{},"The simplest form — abstract number plus county:",[116,1397,1400],{"className":1398,"code":1399,"language":121},[119],"A-123 Reeves County, TX\nAbstract 250, Bowie County\nAbs 47 Pecos County\n",[40,1401,1399],{"__ignoreMap":124},[96,1403,1405],{"title":1404,"type":99},"Tip",[10,1406,1407,1408,24,1411,24,1414,1417,1418,1421],{},"You can use ",[40,1409,1410],{},"A-",[40,1412,1413],{},"Abstract",[40,1415,1416],{},"Abs",", or ",[40,1419,1420],{},"Abst"," — all are accepted. The county is required to disambiguate abstracts with the same number across different counties.",[111,1423,1425],{"id":1424},"format-2-block-section","Format 2: Block & Section",[10,1427,1428],{},"Common in West Texas oil and gas country:",[116,1430,1433],{"className":1431,"code":1432,"language":121},[119],"Block 5, Sec 14, T&P Survey, Reeves County\nBlk 13 Sec 9 H&TC Survey, Loving County\nBlock 5, T&P RR Co. Survey, Section 14, Reeves\n",[40,1434,1432],{"__ignoreMap":124},[96,1436,1438],{"title":1437,"type":777},"Survey name disambiguates",[10,1439,1440],{},"If a block number exists in multiple railroad surveys in the same county, you need the survey name. Block 5 in Reeves County is one parcel under T&P and a different one under GC&SF — the parser will ask which you mean.",[111,1442,1444],{"id":1443},"format-3-survey-name","Format 3: Survey-Name",[10,1446,1447],{},"For Spanish\u002FMexican leagues, labors, and original land grants in South and Central Texas:",[116,1449,1452],{"className":1450,"code":1451,"language":121},[119],"John Smith Survey, Bexar County\nW. H. Jenkins Survey, Karnes County\nMaria de los Reyes Survey, Cameron County\n",[40,1453,1451],{"__ignoreMap":124},[52,1455,959],{"id":958},[111,1457,1459],{"id":1458},"example-1-permian-basin-lease","Example 1: Permian Basin Lease",[10,1461,1462,969,1464],{},[13,1463,968],{},[40,1465,1466],{},"Block 5, Sec 14, T&P Survey, Reeves County",[10,1468,1469,1471],{},[13,1470,994],{}," A ~640-acre section in the Texas and Pacific Railway Company Survey, returned with a polygon and centroid near 31.4128°N, 103.8721°W.",[111,1473,1475],{"id":1474},"example-2-east-texas-pine","Example 2: East Texas Pine",[10,1477,1478,969,1480],{},[13,1479,968],{},[40,1481,1482],{},"A-250 Bowie County, TX",[10,1484,1485,1487],{},[13,1486,994],{}," An East Texas abstract — typically smaller and often irregular due to early-1800s metes-and-bounds origin.",[111,1489,1491],{"id":1490},"example-3-south-texas-ranch","Example 3: South Texas Ranch",[10,1493,1494,969,1496],{},[13,1495,968],{},[40,1497,271],{},[10,1499,1500,1502],{},[13,1501,994],{}," A ~4,400-acre Spanish league grant — a single named survey polygon, returned with centroid and boundary.",[111,1504,1506],{"id":1505},"example-4-section-level-lookup","Example 4: Section-Level Lookup",[10,1508,1509],{},"Texas TXSS doesn't use standardized PLSS-style quarter sections, but section-level lookups within Block & Section descriptions work:",[116,1511,1514],{"className":1512,"code":1513,"language":121},[119],"Block 5, Sec 14, T&P Survey, Reeves\n",[40,1515,1513],{"__ignoreMap":124},[10,1517,1518],{},"returns the section polygon. Sub-section parcel queries (lots, tracts, easement-level) require commercial-grade survey vendors and aren't part of Township America today.",[52,1520,1522],{"id":1521},"step-by-step-what-the-converter-does-under-the-hood","Step-by-Step: What the Converter Does Under the Hood",[10,1524,1525],{},"If you want to understand how a Texas description is resolved:",[111,1527,1529],{"id":1528},"step-1-parse-the-description","Step 1: Parse the Description",[10,1531,1532],{},"The parser identifies which TXSS shape you've given it — Abstract, Block & Section, or Survey — and extracts:",[71,1534,1535,1538,1541],{},[74,1536,1537],{},"County (by name or FIPS code)",[74,1539,1540],{},"Abstract \u002F block \u002F section \u002F survey-name fields",[74,1542,1543],{},"Optional state (\"TX\", \"Texas\", or none)",[111,1545,1547],{"id":1546},"step-2-look-up-the-polygon","Step 2: Look Up the Polygon",[10,1549,1550,1551,43,1554,47],{},"The parsed fields are matched against the Texas General Land Office's official survey polygons. Each polygon is keyed by ",[40,1552,1553],{},"(county_fips, abstract_no)",[40,1555,1556],{},"(county_fips, block, section, survey_norm)",[111,1558,1560],{"id":1559},"step-3-return-the-geometry","Step 3: Return the Geometry",[10,1562,1563],{},"The response includes:",[71,1565,1566,1572,1578,1584,1594],{},[74,1567,1568,1571],{},[40,1569,1570],{},"centroid"," — latitude\u002Flongitude of the parcel's center",[74,1573,1574,1577],{},[40,1575,1576],{},"polygon"," — full boundary GeoJSON",[74,1579,1580,1583],{},[40,1581,1582],{},"acreage"," — computed from the polygon",[74,1585,1586,1589,1590,1593],{},[40,1587,1588],{},"county_fips"," + ",[40,1591,1592],{},"county_name"," — for downstream joins",[74,1595,1596,1599],{},[40,1597,1598],{},"survey_name_norm"," — canonical railroad-survey name (when applicable)",[52,1601,1603],{"id":1602},"batch-conversion","Batch Conversion",[10,1605,1606,1607,1055],{},"Need to convert hundreds of Texas descriptions at once? Use the ",[62,1608,1609],{"href":1053},"batch converter",[555,1611,1612,1615,1618],{},[74,1613,1614],{},"Prepare a CSV of TXSS descriptions (one per row, in any of the supported formats — they don't need to be uniform)",[74,1616,1617],{},"Upload via the batch interface",[74,1619,1620,1621,24,1623,24,1625,24,1627,1270,1629],{},"Download results with ",[40,1622,1570],{},[40,1624,1576],{},[40,1626,1582],{},[40,1628,1588],{},[40,1630,1598],{},[96,1632,1634],{"title":1633,"type":99},"Mix PLSS and TXSS freely",[10,1635,1636,1637,1640,1641,1644],{},"Batch jobs accept PLSS and TXSS in the ",[13,1638,1639],{},"same CSV"," — you don't need to split them. The parser routes each row to the right engine and returns a ",[40,1642,1643],{},"system"," column so downstream code can branch if needed.",[52,1646,1648],{"id":1647},"reverse-conversion-gps-to-texas-description","Reverse Conversion: GPS to Texas Description",[10,1650,1651],{},"Enter latitude\u002Flongitude and Township America returns the underlying TXSS description:",[116,1653,1656],{"className":1654,"code":1655,"language":121},[119],"31.4128, -103.8721\n",[40,1657,1655],{"__ignoreMap":124},[10,1659,1660],{},"returns county, abstract number, and the railroad-survey name of the polygon containing that point — useful for tagging GPS-derived data (drone surveys, well headers, sensor placements) back to legal descriptions.",[52,1662,1112],{"id":1111},[10,1664,1665,1666,1668],{},"Township America's REST API exposes a unified ",[40,1667,666],{}," endpoint that handles PLSS and TXSS transparently:",[116,1670,1672],{"className":1122,"code":1671,"language":1124,"meta":124,"style":124},"# Unified converter — accepts PLSS or TXSS\ncurl -X POST https:\u002F\u002Ftownshipamerica.com\u002Fapi\u002Fconvert \\\n  -H \"Content-Type: application\u002Fjson\" \\\n  -d '{\"description\": \"A-123 Reeves County, TX\"}'\n",[40,1673,1674,1679,1694,1707],{"__ignoreMap":124},[1128,1675,1676],{"class":1130,"line":1131},[1128,1677,1678],{"class":1134},"# Unified converter — accepts PLSS or TXSS\n",[1128,1680,1681,1683,1686,1689,1692],{"class":1130,"line":675},[1128,1682,1141],{"class":1140},[1128,1684,1685],{"class":1161}," -X",[1128,1687,1688],{"class":1148}," POST",[1128,1690,1691],{"class":1148}," https:\u002F\u002Ftownshipamerica.com\u002Fapi\u002Fconvert",[1128,1693,1156],{"class":1155},[1128,1695,1696,1698,1700,1703,1705],{"class":1130,"line":681},[1128,1697,1162],{"class":1161},[1128,1699,1145],{"class":1144},[1128,1701,1702],{"class":1148},"Content-Type: application\u002Fjson",[1128,1704,1152],{"class":1144},[1128,1706,1156],{"class":1155},[1128,1708,1710,1713,1716,1719],{"class":1130,"line":1709},4,[1128,1711,1712],{"class":1161},"  -d",[1128,1714,1715],{"class":1144}," '",[1128,1717,1718],{"class":1148},"{\"description\": \"A-123 Reeves County, TX\"}",[1128,1720,1721],{"class":1144},"'\n",[10,1723,1724,1725,1727],{},"See ",[62,1726,588],{"href":587}," for the full endpoint reference and authentication.",[52,1729,1191],{"id":1190},[555,1731,1732,1744,1750,1763,1777],{},[74,1733,1734,1737,1738,1740,1741,1743],{},[13,1735,1736],{},"Always include the county."," Abstract numbers repeat across counties — ",[40,1739,134],{}," in Reeves and ",[40,1742,134],{}," in Bowie are different parcels.",[74,1745,1746,1749],{},[13,1747,1748],{},"Include the survey name"," if you know it for Block & Section descriptions — it removes ambiguity when multiple railroad surveys overlap.",[74,1751,1752,969,1755,24,1757,24,1759,1762],{},[13,1753,1754],{},"Don't worry about abbreviations.",[40,1756,320],{},[40,1758,650],{},[40,1760,1761],{},"T&P RR Co.",", and similar all resolve to the same canonical survey.",[74,1764,1765,1768,1769,1772,1773,1776],{},[13,1766,1767],{},"Use county FIPS if your source data has it"," — ",[40,1770,1771],{},"48389"," is more reliable than ",[40,1774,1775],{},"Reeves Co."," in automated pipelines.",[74,1778,1779,1782],{},[13,1780,1781],{},"Check acreage to sanity-check the match."," A Spanish league should be ~4,400 acres; a railroad section ~640. If the acreage is wildly off, you may have hit the wrong abstract.",[52,1784,1221],{"id":1220},[10,1786,1787],{},"Ready to convert your Texas legal descriptions?",[10,1789,1790],{},[62,1791,1230],{"href":562,"rel":1792},[564],[10,1794,1795],{},"Free to use. No account required for basic searches.",[111,1797,1799],{"id":1798},"for-teams-batch-and-api-workflows","For teams, batch, and API workflows",[10,1801,1802,1803,1805],{},"If you're converting Texas descriptions at scale — pulling abstracts into ArcGIS, exporting polygons for GIS, or wiring conversions into your own software — see ",[62,1804,605],{"href":604},". Plans start at $10\u002Fmo. Pro+ ($100\u002Fmo) adds polygon export (Shapefile, GeoJSON, KMZ), MCP server, and batch up to 10K rows. Standalone REST API subscriptions are sold separately.",[52,1807,1809],{"id":1808},"related-guides","Related Guides",[71,1811,1812,1817,1823],{},[74,1813,1814,1816],{},[62,1815,5],{"href":716}," — Background on the system itself",[74,1818,1819,1822],{},[62,1820,1821],{"href":470},"Texas Abstracts, Blocks, and Surveys: TXSS Reference Guide"," — Reference on the three shapes",[74,1824,1825,1828],{},[62,1826,1827],{"href":1337},"Convert Section Township Range to Lat\u002FLong"," — PLSS conversion counterpart",[52,1830,610],{"id":609},[10,1832,1833,1836,1837,47],{},[13,1834,1835],{},"What's the simplest Texas description format?","\nAbstract-only — like ",[40,1838,42],{},[10,1840,1841,1844],{},[13,1842,1843],{},"Do I need to know the survey name for Block & Section?","\nOnly when the block number is ambiguous across surveys in the same county. If you omit it and the resolver finds a single match, you get the answer; otherwise you get a list of candidates.",[10,1846,1847,1850],{},[13,1848,1849],{},"Can I batch-convert Texas + PLSS in the same job?","\nYes. The batch converter accepts mixed PLSS and TXSS descriptions in one CSV.",[10,1852,1853,1856],{},[13,1854,1855],{},"Does Township America handle Spanish\u002FMexican land grants?","\nYes, to the extent they appear in the Texas GLO survey dataset. Pre-Republic-of-Texas historical land grant research beyond what GLO maintains is out of scope.",[10,1858,1859,1862],{},[13,1860,1861],{},"Can I get Texas polygon exports?","\nYes — Pro+ subscribers can export Shapefile, GeoJSON, or KMZ for any TXSS description, identical to PLSS exports.",[1303,1864,1865],{},"html pre.shiki code .sutJx, html code.shiki .sutJx{--shiki-light:#90A4AE;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-default:#6A737D;--shiki-default-font-style:inherit;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;--shiki-dark-font-style:inherit}html pre.shiki code .sbgvK, html code.shiki .sbgvK{--shiki-light:#E2931D;--shiki-default:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0}html pre.shiki code .stzsN, html code.shiki .stzsN{--shiki-light:#91B859;--shiki-default:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF}html pre.shiki code .s_sjI, html code.shiki .s_sjI{--shiki-light:#91B859;--shiki-default:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF}html pre.shiki code .s_hVV, html code.shiki .s_hVV{--shiki-light:#90A4AE;--shiki-default:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF}html pre.shiki code .sjJ54, html code.shiki .sjJ54{--shiki-light:#39ADB5;--shiki-default:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF}html .light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html.light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}",{"title":124,"searchDepth":675,"depth":675,"links":1867},[1868,1869,1874,1880,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1892,1893],{"id":1361,"depth":675,"text":1362},{"id":1384,"depth":675,"text":1385,"children":1870},[1871,1872,1873],{"id":1391,"depth":681,"text":1392},{"id":1424,"depth":681,"text":1425},{"id":1443,"depth":681,"text":1444},{"id":958,"depth":675,"text":959,"children":1875},[1876,1877,1878,1879],{"id":1458,"depth":681,"text":1459},{"id":1474,"depth":681,"text":1475},{"id":1490,"depth":681,"text":1491},{"id":1505,"depth":681,"text":1506},{"id":1521,"depth":675,"text":1522,"children":1881},[1882,1883,1884],{"id":1528,"depth":681,"text":1529},{"id":1546,"depth":681,"text":1547},{"id":1559,"depth":681,"text":1560},{"id":1602,"depth":675,"text":1603},{"id":1647,"depth":675,"text":1648},{"id":1111,"depth":675,"text":1112},{"id":1190,"depth":675,"text":1191},{"id":1220,"depth":675,"text":1221,"children":1890},[1891],{"id":1798,"depth":681,"text":1799},{"id":1808,"depth":675,"text":1809},{"id":609,"depth":675,"text":610},"Convert Texas Abstract, Block & Section, and Survey-name descriptions to latitude and longitude coordinates. Step-by-step guide plus a free online tool that handles all 254 counties.",{"faqs":1896},[1897,1899,1902,1905,1908],{"question":1835,"answer":1898},"Abstract-only is the simplest — e.g., \"A-123 Reeves County, TX\". Township America's parser accepts abbreviated and full-form variants (A-, Abs, Abst, Abstract) and is case-insensitive.",{"question":1900,"answer":1901},"Do I need to know the survey name to convert a Block & Section description?","Only when the same block number exists in multiple railroad surveys in the same county. Including the survey (e.g., \"Block 5, T&P Survey, Sec 14, Reeves\") removes the ambiguity. If you omit it and the block resolves uniquely, the converter still returns the answer; if not, you'll get a list of candidate surveys.",{"question":1903,"answer":1904},"Can I batch-convert hundreds of Texas abstracts at once?","Yes. Upload a CSV of TXSS descriptions to Township America's batch converter and download the results with latitude, longitude, county, and acreage — same workflow as PLSS batches. You can even mix PLSS and TXSS in the same job.",{"question":1906,"answer":1907},"Does the converter handle both old and new survey abbreviations?","Yes. The parser normalizes T&P, H&TC, GC&SF, BS&F, and other historical railroad-survey abbreviations to their canonical names, so it doesn't matter which form your source data uses.",{"question":1909,"answer":1910},"Can I convert GPS coordinates back to a Texas abstract?","Yes. Enter a coordinate pair (e.g., \"31.4128, -103.8721\") and Township America returns the county, abstract number, and survey name of the polygon containing that point.",6,{"title":1343,"description":1913,"keywords":1914},"Convert any Texas legal description (Abstract, Block & Section, Survey-name) to GPS coordinates instantly. Free tool, batch conversion, and API access for all 254 Texas counties.","convert texas abstract, texas abstract to gps, TXSS converter, block and section converter, texas legal description converter","guides\u002Fconvert-texas-abstract-to-coordinates","BEg5LWlXCYWCBvOx16ZLpYdGN4_SZrhFlPTjNhnLru4",{"id":1918,"title":1821,"body":1919,"category":693,"description":2704,"extension":695,"icon":2705,"meta":2706,"navigation":714,"order":2721,"path":470,"seo":2722,"stem":2725,"__hash__":2726},"guides\u002Fguides\u002Ftexas-abstracts-blocks-surveys.md",{"type":7,"value":1920,"toc":2683},[1921,1935,1937,1940,1944,2007,2011,2017,2056,2060,2063,2082,2089,2106,2108,2118,2139,2143,2146,2235,2251,2255,2258,2284,2287,2290,2297,2324,2328,2331,2379,2386,2390,2393,2411,2415,2423,2437,2443,2449,2453,2456,2475,2483,2487,2490,2554,2557,2561,2564,2584,2594,2598,2604,2609,2614,2616,2634,2636,2642,2655,2661,2671],[10,1922,1923,1925,1926,1928,1929,1931,1932,1934],{},[13,1924,15],{}," Texas describes land using three shapes — ",[13,1927,1413],{}," numbers (unique GLO IDs per county), ",[13,1930,27],{}," (railroad survey grids), and ",[13,1933,31],{}," (Spanish\u002FMexican original grants). All three coexist across the 254 Texas counties.",[34,1936],{},[10,1938,1939],{},"If you read enough Texas deeds, leases, and Railroad Commission filings, you'll see all three TXSS shapes. This guide is a reference for each — what they look like, where they're used, and how to tell them apart.",[52,1941,1943],{"id":1942},"txss-at-a-glance","TXSS at a Glance",[212,1945,1946,1962],{},[215,1947,1948],{},[218,1949,1950,1953,1956,1959],{},[221,1951,1952],{},"Shape",[221,1954,1955],{},"Example",[221,1957,1958],{},"Typical Region",[221,1960,1961],{},"Notes",[231,1963,1964,1978,1993],{},[218,1965,1966,1968,1972,1975],{},[236,1967,279],{},[236,1969,1970],{},[40,1971,42],{},[236,1973,1974],{},"East Texas, Coastal Bend",[236,1976,1977],{},"Simplest; abstract # is unique per county",[218,1979,1980,1982,1987,1990],{},[236,1981,27],{},[236,1983,1984],{},[40,1985,1986],{},"Block 5, Sec 14, T&P Survey, Reeves",[236,1988,1989],{},"West Texas \u002F Permian Basin",[236,1991,1992],{},"Railroad-grant grids; survey-name required",[218,1994,1995,1997,2001,2004],{},[236,1996,31],{},[236,1998,1999],{},[40,2000,271],{},[236,2002,2003],{},"South Texas, RGV",[236,2005,2006],{},"Original grant tract; named for grantee",[52,2008,2010],{"id":2009},"_1-abstract-numbers","1. Abstract Numbers",[10,2012,2013,2014,2016],{},"An ",[13,2015,130],{}," is a unique identifier the Texas General Land Office (GLO) assigned to each original land grant within a Texas county.",[71,2018,2019,2031,2037,2050],{},[74,2020,2021,969,2024,43,2027,2030],{},[13,2022,2023],{},"Format:",[40,2025,2026],{},"A-{number}",[40,2028,2029],{},"Abstract {number}",", plus a county",[74,2032,2033,2036],{},[13,2034,2035],{},"Range:"," Abstract numbers run from 1 to several thousand depending on the county",[74,2038,2039,2042,2043,378,2046,2049],{},[13,2040,2041],{},"Scope:"," Always county-scoped — ",[40,2044,2045],{},"A-123 Reeves County",[40,2047,2048],{},"A-123 Bowie County"," are different parcels",[74,2051,2052,2055],{},[13,2053,2054],{},"Size:"," Variable — anywhere from a few acres to tens of thousands",[111,2057,2059],{"id":2058},"where-abstracts-are-used","Where Abstracts Are Used",[10,2061,2062],{},"Abstract-only descriptions are the dominant convention in:",[71,2064,2065,2070,2076],{},[74,2066,2067,2069],{},[13,2068,485],{}," (Bowie, Cass, Marion, Harrison, Panola, etc.) — Piney Woods",[74,2071,2072,2075],{},[13,2073,2074],{},"Coastal Bend"," (Aransas, Refugio, San Patricio, etc.)",[74,2077,2078,2081],{},[13,2079,2080],{},"Small-grant counties"," scattered throughout Central Texas",[10,2083,2084,2085,2088],{},"When you see just ",[40,2086,2087],{},"A-{number} {County}"," with nothing else, you're looking at an Abstract-only description.",[96,2090,2092],{"title":2091,"type":99},"Why abstracts exist",[10,2093,2094,2095,2098,2099,2102,2103,2105],{},"GLO assigned abstract numbers as it indexed land grants alphabetically by grantee. Bowie County ",[40,2096,2097],{},"A-1"," is the first grant ever recorded in that county; ",[40,2100,2101],{},"A-2000"," is much later. The number itself has no geographic meaning — you can't infer location from ",[40,2104,134],{}," without knowing the county.",[52,2107,148],{"id":147},[10,2109,157,2110,2112,2113,165,2115,2117],{},[13,2111,160],{},", railroads received large land grants in the late 19th century and surveyed them into ",[13,2114,164],{},[13,2116,168],{},". The result looks visually similar to PLSS — a regular grid of one-square-mile sections — but each block belongs to a specific railroad survey.",[71,2119,2120,2127,2133],{},[74,2121,2122,969,2124],{},[13,2123,2023],{},[40,2125,2126],{},"Block {N}, Sec {N}, {RR} Survey, {County}",[74,2128,2129,2132],{},[13,2130,2131],{},"Section size:"," ~640 acres (similar to PLSS, though not always exact)",[74,2134,2135,2138],{},[13,2136,2137],{},"Survey name often required:"," Same block number can exist in multiple surveys",[111,2140,2142],{"id":2141},"major-railroad-surveys","Major Railroad Surveys",[10,2144,2145],{},"These are the largest historical grants you'll encounter in TXSS Block & Section descriptions:",[212,2147,2148,2158],{},[215,2149,2150],{},[218,2151,2152,2154,2156],{},[221,2153,307],{},[221,2155,310],{},[221,2157,313],{},[231,2159,2160,2170,2180,2190,2200,2210,2222],{},[218,2161,2162,2166,2168],{},[236,2163,2164],{},[13,2165,320],{},[236,2167,323],{},[236,2169,326],{},[218,2171,2172,2176,2178],{},[236,2173,2174],{},[13,2175,331],{},[236,2177,334],{},[236,2179,337],{},[218,2181,2182,2186,2188],{},[236,2183,2184],{},[13,2185,342],{},[236,2187,345],{},[236,2189,160],{},[218,2191,2192,2196,2198],{},[236,2193,2194],{},[13,2195,352],{},[236,2197,355],{},[236,2199,358],{},[218,2201,2202,2206,2208],{},[236,2203,2204],{},[13,2205,363],{},[236,2207,366],{},[236,2209,369],{},[218,2211,2212,2217,2220],{},[236,2213,2214],{},[13,2215,2216],{},"TT",[236,2218,2219],{},"Texas Trunk Railway Company Survey",[236,2221,485],{},[218,2223,2224,2229,2232],{},[236,2225,2226],{},[13,2227,2228],{},"EL&RR",[236,2230,2231],{},"East Line and Red River Railroad Company Survey",[236,2233,2234],{},"Northeast Texas",[96,2236,2237],{"title":372,"type":99},[10,2238,2239,2240,24,2242,24,2245,1270,2248,2250],{},"Township America's parser normalizes all railroad-survey abbreviations to their canonical names. ",[40,2241,320],{},[40,2243,2244],{},"t & p",[40,2246,2247],{},"T.&P.",[40,2249,323],{}," all resolve to the same polygon.",[111,2252,2254],{"id":2253},"where-block-section-is-used","Where Block & Section Is Used",[10,2256,2257],{},"Block & Section dominates in:",[71,2259,2260,2266,2272,2278],{},[74,2261,2262,2265],{},[13,2263,2264],{},"Permian Basin"," (Reeves, Loving, Ward, Winkler, Pecos, etc.)",[74,2267,2268,2271],{},[13,2269,2270],{},"Trans-Pecos"," (El Paso, Hudspeth, Culberson, Jeff Davis, Presidio, Brewster)",[74,2273,2274,2277],{},[13,2275,2276],{},"Panhandle"," (Dallam, Hartley, Moore, Lipscomb, Hemphill, Ochiltree, etc.)",[74,2279,2280,2283],{},[13,2281,2282],{},"North Texas"," railroad-grant counties",[10,2285,2286],{},"If a description references \"Block\" and a railroad abbreviation, you're almost certainly in West or North Texas.",[52,2288,2289],{"id":177},"3. Survey-Name",[10,2291,2292,2293,2296],{},"In South Texas and parts of Central Texas, many descriptions skip the abstract number and reference the ",[13,2294,2295],{},"named survey"," directly.",[71,2298,2299,2306,2312],{},[74,2300,2301,969,2303],{},[13,2302,2023],{},[40,2304,2305],{},"{Surname or grantee} Survey, {County}",[74,2307,2308,2311],{},[13,2309,2310],{},"Origin:"," Original land grants from the Republic of Texas, Mexican government, or Spanish crown",[74,2313,2314,2316,2317,194,2320,2323],{},[13,2315,2054],{}," Often a ",[13,2318,2319],{},"league",[13,2321,2322],{},"labor"," (~177.1 acres), but varies widely",[111,2325,2327],{"id":2326},"spanish-leagues-and-labors","Spanish Leagues and Labors",[10,2329,2330],{},"Texas's pre-independence land grants used Spanish colonial measurement:",[212,2332,2333,2346],{},[215,2334,2335],{},[218,2336,2337,2340,2343],{},[221,2338,2339],{},"Unit",[221,2341,2342],{},"Acres",[221,2344,2345],{},"Used For",[231,2347,2348,2358,2368],{},[218,2349,2350,2352,2355],{},[236,2351,532],{},[236,2353,2354],{},"~4,428.4 ac",[236,2356,2357],{},"Cattle ranching grants",[218,2359,2360,2362,2365],{},[236,2361,538],{},[236,2363,2364],{},"~177.1 ac",[236,2366,2367],{},"Farming grants (1\u002F25 league)",[218,2369,2370,2373,2376],{},[236,2371,2372],{},"Vara",[236,2374,2375],{},"33.33 inches",[236,2377,2378],{},"Linear measurement",[10,2380,2381,2382,2385],{},"A ",[40,2383,2384],{},"León Survey, Cameron County"," description points to a single named tract — the polygon is the original grant boundary, not a geometric subdivision.",[111,2387,2389],{"id":2388},"where-survey-name-is-used","Where Survey-Name Is Used",[10,2391,2392],{},"Survey-name descriptions are most common in:",[71,2394,2395,2401,2406],{},[74,2396,2397,2400],{},[13,2398,2399],{},"South Texas \u002F RGV"," (Cameron, Hidalgo, Starr, Zapata, Webb, etc.)",[74,2402,2403,2405],{},[13,2404,2074],{}," (where Spanish\u002FMexican grants survived through the Texas Republic era)",[74,2407,2408,2410],{},[13,2409,358],{}," (Bexar, Karnes, Wilson, etc.)",[52,2412,2414],{"id":2413},"how-acreage-varies-in-txss","How Acreage Varies in TXSS",[10,2416,2417,2418,2422],{},"Unlike PLSS — where a section is always (",[2419,2420,2421],"del",{},")640 acres and a quarter is always (",")160 — TXSS parcels vary wildly:",[71,2424,2425,2428,2431,2434],{},[74,2426,2427],{},"A small East Texas abstract: 10–50 acres",[74,2429,2430],{},"A standard Permian Basin section in a railroad block: ~640 acres",[74,2432,2433],{},"A South Texas Spanish league: ~4,428 acres",[74,2435,2436],{},"A massive original grant in the Panhandle: 10,000+ acres",[10,2438,2439,2440,2442],{},"This is why Township America returns an explicit ",[40,2441,1582],{}," field in every TXSS conversion — you can't infer it from the description shape alone.",[96,2444,2446],{"title":2445,"type":777},"Don't assume PLSS sizes",[10,2447,2448],{},"A common mistake is treating a Texas \"Section 14\" the same as a PLSS Section 14. They look similar on paper but Texas sections are scoped to a Block + railroad survey, and their acreage drifts more from the nominal 640 than PLSS sections do.",[52,2450,2452],{"id":2451},"counties-all-254-covered","Counties: All 254 Covered",[10,2454,2455],{},"Texas has more counties than any other US state — 254 — and Township America covers all of them. Each county has its own converter hub:",[71,2457,2458,2463,2469],{},[74,2459,2460,2462],{},[62,2461,517],{"href":517}," — Permian Basin example (Block & Section)",[74,2464,2465,2468],{},[62,2466,2467],{"href":2467},"\u002Ftexas\u002Fcounties\u002Fbowie"," — East Texas example (Abstract-only)",[74,2470,2471,2474],{},[62,2472,2473],{"href":2473},"\u002Ftexas\u002Fcounties\u002Fbexar"," — South Texas example (Survey-name + Abstract)",[10,2476,2477,2478,2482],{},"Browse the ",[62,2479,2481],{"href":2480},"\u002Ftexas","Texas hub"," to find a specific county.",[52,2484,2486],{"id":2485},"finding-the-right-description-shape","Finding the Right Description Shape",[10,2488,2489],{},"When you have a Texas legal description and you're not sure what shape it is:",[212,2491,2492,2502],{},[215,2493,2494],{},[218,2495,2496,2499],{},[221,2497,2498],{},"If the description has…",[221,2500,2501],{},"It's…",[231,2503,2504,2521,2541],{},[218,2505,2506,2517],{},[236,2507,2508,24,2510,24,2512,1417,2514,2516],{},[40,2509,1410],{},[40,2511,1416],{},[40,2513,1420],{},[40,2515,1413],{}," + number",[236,2518,2519],{},[13,2520,279],{},[218,2522,2523,2537],{},[236,2524,2525,43,2528,1589,2531,43,2534],{},[40,2526,2527],{},"Block",[40,2529,2530],{},"Blk",[40,2532,2533],{},"Sec",[40,2535,2536],{},"Section",[236,2538,2539],{},[13,2540,27],{},[218,2542,2543,2550],{},[236,2544,2545,2546,2549],{},"A person's name + ",[40,2547,2548],{},"Survey"," (no block\u002Fsection)",[236,2551,2552],{},[13,2553,31],{},[10,2555,2556],{},"Township America's parser handles all three transparently — you don't have to tell it which one you have. Just paste the description and convert.",[52,2558,2560],{"id":2559},"cross-reference-with-federal-datasets","Cross-Reference with Federal Datasets",[10,2562,2563],{},"Beyond the basic polygon, Pro+ subscribers can review Texas state O&G data in the web app:",[71,2565,2566,2572,2578],{},[74,2567,2568,2571],{},[13,2569,2570],{},"RRC wells"," — Texas Railroad Commission well headers on the Texas map overlay",[74,2573,2574,2577],{},[13,2575,2576],{},"GLO leases"," — Active state oil-and-gas leases on the abstract",[74,2579,2580,2583],{},[13,2581,2582],{},"Bay Tracts"," — Coastal state-water lease polygons adjacent to coastal abstracts",[10,2585,2586,2587,2589,2590,378,2592,47],{},"For programmatic conversion, use ",[40,2588,666],{}," with a TXSS description. See ",[62,2591,581],{"href":580},[62,2593,588],{"href":587},[52,2595,2597],{"id":2596},"convert-any-txss-description","Convert Any TXSS Description",[10,2599,2600,2601,2603],{},"Ready to convert a Texas description to GPS coordinates? See the ",[62,2602,581],{"href":580}," guide, or jump straight to the converter:",[10,2605,2606],{},[62,2607,1230],{"href":562,"rel":2608},[564],[10,2610,2611,2612,47],{},"For programmatic access across all 254 counties, see ",[62,2613,588],{"href":587},[52,2615,1809],{"id":1808},[71,2617,2618,2623,2628],{},[74,2619,2620,2622],{},[62,2621,5],{"href":716}," — Why Texas is different",[74,2624,2625,2627],{},[62,2626,581],{"href":580}," — Practical conversion how-to",[74,2629,2630,2633],{},[62,2631,2632],{"href":64},"Township and Range System"," — PLSS counterpart",[52,2635,610],{"id":609},[10,2637,2638,2641],{},[13,2639,2640],{},"How big is a typical Texas abstract?","\nIt varies — anywhere from a few acres to tens of thousands. East Texas abstracts tend to be small; West Texas railroad-survey sections are closer to PLSS-style 640 acres.",[10,2643,2644,2646,2647,2650,2651,2654],{},[13,2645,621],{},"\nA survey is the ",[624,2648,2649],{},"original grant tract",". An abstract is the ",[624,2652,2653],{},"unique number"," GLO assigned that tract within its county. One survey can contain many abstracts.",[10,2656,2657,2660],{},[13,2658,2659],{},"Is \"Block 5\" the same as a PLSS section?","\nNo. A \"Block\" in TXSS is a railroad-survey grid container; a \"Section\" is the numbered subdivision inside the block. The PLSS analog of a Texas section is roughly the Block + Section + Survey combination.",[10,2662,2663,2666,2667,2670],{},[13,2664,2665],{},"Can a Texas county use multiple TXSS conventions?","\nYes — most do. A single county can have abstracts, blocks with sections, ",[624,2668,2669],{},"and"," named surveys all in use.",[10,2672,2673,2676,2677,2682],{},[13,2674,2675],{},"Where can I see official Texas survey data?","\nThe ",[62,2678,2681],{"href":2679,"rel":2680},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.glo.texas.gov",[564],"Texas General Land Office"," maintains the official survey records. Township America's polygons resolve against GLO data and Railroad Commission filings.",{"title":124,"searchDepth":675,"depth":675,"links":2684},[2685,2686,2689,2693,2697,2698,2699,2700,2701,2702,2703],{"id":1942,"depth":675,"text":1943},{"id":2009,"depth":675,"text":2010,"children":2687},[2688],{"id":2058,"depth":681,"text":2059},{"id":147,"depth":675,"text":148,"children":2690},[2691,2692],{"id":2141,"depth":681,"text":2142},{"id":2253,"depth":681,"text":2254},{"id":177,"depth":675,"text":2289,"children":2694},[2695,2696],{"id":2326,"depth":681,"text":2327},{"id":2388,"depth":681,"text":2389},{"id":2413,"depth":675,"text":2414},{"id":2451,"depth":675,"text":2452},{"id":2485,"depth":675,"text":2486},{"id":2559,"depth":675,"text":2560},{"id":2596,"depth":675,"text":2597},{"id":1808,"depth":675,"text":1809},{"id":609,"depth":675,"text":610},"Complete reference for the three Texas Survey System (TXSS) description shapes — Abstract, Block & Section, and Survey-name. Covers railroad surveys, Spanish leagues, county coverage, and how acreage varies.","i-lucide-list",{"faqs":2707},[2708,2710,2712,2715,2718],{"question":2640,"answer":2709},"It varies widely. A PLSS section is always 640 acres; a Texas abstract can be anywhere from a few acres to tens of thousands depending on the original land grant. East Texas abstracts skew small; West Texas railroad-survey sections are closer to 640 acres each.",{"question":621,"answer":2711},"A survey is the original land grant tract — often a railroad grant or Spanish\u002FMexican grant. An abstract is the unique number the Texas General Land Office assigned to that parcel within a county. One survey may contain many abstracts.",{"question":2713,"answer":2714},"How many railroad surveys are there in Texas?","Dozens. The biggest grants went to the Texas and Pacific (T&P), Houston and Texas Central (H&TC), Gulf Colorado and Santa Fe (GC&SF), and Buffalo Bayou Brazos and Colorado (BS&F) railways. Township America normalizes their abbreviations to canonical names automatically.",{"question":2716,"answer":2717},"What's a league? What's a labor?","Both are Spanish colonial land measurement units. A league is approximately 4,428.4 acres (used for cattle ranching grants); a labor is approximately 177.1 acres, or 1\u002F25 of a league (used for farming grants). They appear most often in South Texas survey-name descriptions.",{"question":2719,"answer":2720},"Is \"Survey\" the same as \"Section\"?","No. A \"Section\" in Texas is the numbered subdivision inside a railroad survey block (e.g., \"Block 5, Section 14\"). A \"Survey\" is the named original grant. Don't confuse \"T&P Survey\" (the named railroad survey) with a \"section\" (the numbered subdivision inside it).",7,{"title":1821,"description":2723,"keywords":2724},"Reference for Texas Abstract numbers, Block & Section descriptions, Survey-name conventions, railroad surveys (T&P, H&TC, GC&SF), and Spanish leagues + labors across all 254 Texas counties.","texas abstract, texas block and section, texas survey name, T&P survey, H&TC survey, spanish league, labor, texas land grant","guides\u002Ftexas-abstracts-blocks-surveys","cCOjM0jdmZK7d8PnhbOtB2iizf--OqpjWjZlJTNIauE"]